Khamis, 3 Mac 2011

Ahli Parlimen Kota Belud

Ahli Parlimen Kota Belud


BUY ELECTION? - Opposition hypocrisy revealed.

Posted: 03 Mar 2011 02:05 AM PST

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Devoid of substantial and real issues, "buy-election" seems to be the Opposition's current favorite catchphrase, as they try to wrestle Barisan Nasional (BN) in the dense political jungle of Kerdau and Merlimau by-elections.

In Kerdau and Merlimau, as in all the other by-elections before that, the opposition has been trying to employ hard and fast strategies to gain voters' support. One of them is by accusing BN of buying their way to victory through a flurry of project announcements by BN leaders – hence the catchphrase "Buy-Election". The strategy calls for the opposition to incessantly complain publicly that BN is committing corruption and breaking election rules by dishing out election goodies during campaign period. And to show they mean business and give credence to the allegations, police and Election Commission (EC) reports will be lodged by their leaders.

But what many people don't realize is that the opposition's cry of "Buy Election!" is actually a well crafted and well rehearsed "fail-proof" political strategy. Consider this: If they win the by-elections, opposition will say that despite BN's spending spree, the rakyat still choose the angelic Pakatan Rakyat and have spoken against corruption. And if they lose, it will be used as an easy excuse to justify a "dignified" defeat by that evil and cruel BNl! Ahh... can't have it better than that.

This article is not so much about the strategy which is clearly a desperate attempt to win votes. It will be touching on the sheer hypocrisy of Pakatan on this matter. But if you don't mind, let's digress a bit.

With the Kerdau and Merlimau campaigns gaining momentum by the day, imagine a Twitter conversation that goes something like this:


PR guy: (with angry emoticon included) Bloody BN buying votes with $$$! BN is corrupted 2 the core! That is against EC rules what! Stupid BN! They only know how to bribe people! Unlike them, PR is always very gentleman & never do such thing lah friend!

BN fella: You think so?

PR guy: Absolutely!  This evil BN must taste its own medicine lah! And EC as usual is bias one, I tell you!

BN fella: Hmm...  me think not!

PR guy: (with irritated emoticon) Now why wud u b stupid enough to say that hah? How much BN buy you ah, friend?

BN fella: Let's see. Remember Hulu Selangor by election (17 April to 25 April 2010)? Didn't Anwar & Khalid dish out goodies to get Hulu Selangor votes?

PR guy: Bullsh*t?!! R u nuts or wht?? My Anwar will nevr do that! U better tarik balik!

BN fella: LOL.. If u want BN to stop, ask PR also lah!

PR guy: Shut up!

BN fella: Hah3.. whatever lah friend!



What that BN fella said is absolutely right. Well, remember this:

Mentri Besar Tan Sri Khalid Ibrahim announced the abolishment of quit-rents for shop houses in Hulu Selangor. (Source: New Straits Times, 20 April 2010)

What about this:

Opposition Leader Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim speaking in Hulu Selangor and promising 100,000 land titles to poor homeowners in the constituency. In addition he said, "… there is also the Orang Asli, whose land is being whittled down by development. The state government will have to allocate them reserve land and I think the state has agreed to this." (Source: 'Hulu Selangor voters prove a challenge to Anwar'. The Malaysian Insider, 13 April 2010).

And this:

Mentri Besar Tan Sri Abdul Khalid Ibrahim had presented bonuses to all village chiefs and Jawatankuasa Keselamatan dan Kemajuan Kampung (JKKK) in Hulu Selangor on 20 April 2010. The bonus to each of them is RM1,381 which amounted to a total of RM616,000.(Source: Kerajaan Selangor bayar bonus kepada Ketua Kampung, JKKK, SelangorKini Online, 21 April 2010).

And don't even make me start talking about the infamous Nik Aziz's campaign promise of heaven if you vote for PAS. Heck, come to think of it, not only was it a cunning form of vote buying, it is the ultimate sly attempt by an old soldier to buy your very own soul! 

Such is the audacity of Pakatan Rakyat!

*This article first appeared in THE MALAYSIAN DIGEST website.
*Some information were taken from articles previously published in THE NUTGRAPH


N45 Dr Halimah Ali

N45 Dr Halimah Ali


PERHATIAN: OPS EHSAN PELAJAR MESIR: perjumpaan dengan MB SELANGOR

Posted: 03 Mar 2011 06:14 AM PST

TARIKH: 4..3.11(Jumaat)
VENUE: MASJID NEGERI SHAH ALAM
WAKTU: 
2.30ptg Pendaftaran, pengumpulan pasport/check visa
4.30ptg-6.30ptg: program jati diri
 Perjumpaan bersama YAB MENTERI BESAR SELANGOR

SILA BAWA 

1.PASSPORT

2.2 keping GAMBAR SAIZ PASPORT(BERLATAR BELAKANG PUTIH)
 
                                  3. KAD PELAJAR

pemberitahuan penting:
Ramai pelajar yang tidak mempunyai visa, maka penerbangan awal yang dijangka mahu dimulakan 6.3.11 tidak boleh dijalankan.
Penerbangan charter dijangka bermula 12.3.11 

PERHATIAN KEPADA MAHASISWA: PINJAMAN TANPA FAEDAH KERAJAAN SELANGOR

Posted: 03 Mar 2011 04:32 AM PST

Bagi semua pelajar rakyat Selangor sila ambil perhatian tarikh tutup permohonan pinjaman ubah alih kerajaan Selangor(convertible loan) untuk fasa 1 ialah 1.4.11
Sila hantar permohonan yang lengkap dan mematuhi syarat kepada BAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN SUMBER MANUSIA, SUK SHAH ALAM
Semoga berjaya

IKLAN
TAWARAN PINJAMAN PELAJARAN KERAJAAN NEGERI SELANGOR
SESI PERTAMA TAHUN 2011
Tarikh Tutup Permohonan Pada 1 April 2011
Pemohon adalah dipelawa untuk memohon Pinjaman Pelajaran Negeri Selangor dan Pinjaman Pelajaran Tenaga Mahir 'Fast Track' bagi mengikuti pengajian di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam (IPTA)/ Institut Pengajian Tinggi Swasta (IPTS) tempatan yang diiktiraf oleh Kerajaan secara Sepenuh Masa bagi Sesi Pertama Tahun 2011 bermula pada 31 Januari 2011 (Isnin).
SYARAT-SYARAT KELAYAKAN PERMOHONAN
1. Pemohon mestilah terdiri daripada Rakyat D.Y.M.M. Sultan Selangor Darul Ehsan yang memenuhi kriteria-kriteria seperti berikut:
(i) Pemohon lahir di Negeri Selangor; atau
(ii) Ibu atau Bapa pemohon lahir di Negeri Selangor; atau
(iii) Pemohon lahir di Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur sebelum 1 Februari 1974; atau
(iv) Pemohon telah bermastautin lebih dari lima (5) tahun di Negeri Selangor dengan pengesahan daripada ADUN/ Penghulu/ Pengerusi JKKK/ Ketua Kampung.
2. Tawaran ini adalah terbuka bagi peringkat pengajian seperti berikut:
(i) Pinjaman Pelajaran Negeri Selangor:
Semua bidang pengajian peringkat Ijazah Sarjana Muda/ Diploma di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam (IPTA)/ Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Swasta (IPTS) tempatan yang diiktiraf oleh Kerajaan serta pengajian peringkat Sijil di Politeknik/ Kolej Komuniti (tidak termasuk Matrikulasi/ Kursus Persediaan/ Tahun Asas/ A-Level/ ACCA/ Ijazah Lanjutan).
(ii) Pinjaman Pelajaran Tenaga Mahir 'Fast Track' Negeri Selangor:
Bidang kemahiran dan teknikal peringkat Sijil di IPTS tempatan yang diiktiraf oleh Kerajaan bagi pengajian dalam tempoh kurang dari satu (1) tahun sahaja.
3. Pemohon juga mestilah memenuhi syarat-syarat kelayakan akademik seperti berikut:
Peringkat Pengajian  Kelayakan Akademik
Ijazah Pertama
  • Memperolehi kelayakan Sijil Tahun Asas/ Pra-Ijazah/ Matrikulasi/ Diploma dengan kelulusan PNGK/ CGPA 2.50 ke atas; atau
  • Memperolehi sekurang-kurangnya empat (4) Gred C dalam mana-mana matapelajaran di peringkat STPM;
  • atau Memperolehi sekurang-kurangnya lima (5) kelulusan (jayyid) dalam mana-mana matapelajaran di peringkat STAM.
Diploma
  • Memperolehi sekurang-kurangnya lima (5) kepujian dalam mana-mana matapelajaran di peringkat SPM; atau Memperolehi kelayakan Sijil dengan kelulusan PNGK/ CGPA 2.50 ke atas.
Sijil (IPTA)
  • Memperolehi sekurang-kurangnya empat (4) kepujian dalam mana-mana matapelajaran di peringkat SPM.
Sijil (bidang kemahiran & teknikal sahaja)
  • Memperolehi sekurang-kurangnya tiga (3) kepujian dalam mana-mana matapelajaran di peringkat SPM.



PROSEDUR PERMOHONAN
1. Borang permohonan berharga RM3.00 boleh diperolehi melalui:

(i) Kaunter: Bahagian Pengurusan Sumber Manusia, Cawangan Biasiswa & Pinjaman Pelajaran, Pejabat Setiausaha Kerajaan Negeri Selangor, Tingkat 3, Bangunan SSAAS, 40503 Shah Alam; atau

(ii) Pos: Dengan mengemukakan sampul surat 16 cm x 23 cm yang dilekatkan dengan setem RM1.00 ringgit beralamat sendiri serta no. telefon untuk dihubungi beserta wang pos/ money order bernilai RM3.00 atas nama Bendahari Kumpulan Wang Biasiswa Negeri Selangor ke alamat seperti yang tersebut di bawah.
Borang-borang permohonan yang telah lengkap diisi hendaklah dihantar terus ke alamat berikut:
Bahagian Pengurusan Sumber Manusia
Cawangan Biasiswa & Pinjaman Pelajaran
Pejabat Setiausaha Kerajaan Negeri Selangor
Tingkat 3, Bangunan Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah
40503 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan
Tel : 03-55212275 / 55447480/ 55447543
2. Tarikh tutup permohonan adalah pada 1 April 2011 (Jumaat). Borang-borang yang diterima selepas tarikh tersebut atau didapati tidak lengkap tidak akan dipertimbangkan. Untuk sebarang pertanyaan dan maklumat lanjut berkenaan permohonan, sila hubungi Urus Setia di talian 03-55447480 / 55212275.
3. Permohonan yang tidak mendapat sebarang maklumbalas dalam tempoh tiga (3) bulan selepas tarikh tutup permohonan ini adalah dianggap tidak berjaya. Keputusan permohonan boleh disemak melalui laman web rasmi Negeri Selangor www.selangor.gov.my

download MUAT TURUN IKLAN TAWARAN SESI 1/2011 VERSI PDF


R Sivarasa - Ahli Parlimen Subang

R Sivarasa - Ahli Parlimen Subang


Good News Ahead for our Chinese New Villages

Posted: 03 Mar 2011 10:10 PM PST

Roads and drains to be repaired in new villages


By JADE CHAN

jade@thestar.com.my

Photos by LOW BOON TAT





ROADS and drains in Sungai Buloh New Village and Subang New Village will be repaired this year, Kota Damansara assemblyman Dr Mohd Nasir Hashim said.



Dr Nasir said he had identified the roads and drains in his constituency that need to be repaired or built under the Malaysian Road Records Information System (Marris) fund.



"I will be using the RM1mil fund channelled through the state government to several areas, particularly the two new villages," he said.





In bad shape: This unnamed road that runs parallel to Jalan Welfare in the Sungai Buloh New Village will soon be rebuilt together with the drainage system.

The roads and drains identified for repairs are in Sungai Buloh New Village, Subang New Village, Kampung Melayu Subang, Subang Ehsan and Pekan Subang under the Shah Alam City Council.



In Petaling Jaya, the areas identified are Ara Damansara and PPRT (Hardcore Poor Housing Programme) Kota Damansara.



A 800m road that runs parallel to Jalan Welfare in the Sungai Buloh New Village, which is used as an alternative access to the town, is among those that will be upgraded.



According to villagers, the uneven and flood-prone road has not been repaired since it was built many years ago.



"My office has already submitted the proposal for the repair costs to the respective councils. We will be keeping track of the entire process to ensure everything is transparent and fair," said Dr Nasir.



"The local councils will determine the cost of the projects by early next month and tenders will be called soon after that.



"We will also like to engage local contractors and have forwarded the list to the local councils," he said.



Dr Nasir said if the allocated funds were insufficient he would request for more from next year's Marris allocation.



He said state new village development and illegal factories committee chairman Ean Yong Hian Wah had also helped in getting similar repair work carried out in the new villages in 2009 and 2008.



Dr Nasir said he planned to negotiate with the Public Works Department for Jalan Kebun Teh in the Sungai Buloh New Village to be reopened as an alternative access for heavy vehicles to ease the daily congestion.



Sungai Buloh New Village resident Chong Fat, 47, said the condition of the roads and drains had worsened and hoped the authorities would look into creating additional access to the village.

Standing Up for Ara Damansara - towards sustainable development

Posted: 03 Mar 2011 10:02 PM PST

Ara Damansara residents irked by changes to project


Story and photo by YIP YOKE TENG

teng@thestar.com.my





THE Petaling Jaya City Council (MBPJ) spent much time drafting the Petaling Jaya Special Area Plan (RKK) but it is now said to go against the recommendations spelt out in the plan.



Residents of Ara Damansara found out the site for Ara Greens Wellness and Healthcare City project should have a plot ratio of 1:2 but the council had allowed 1:3.9.



The residents were also surprised to find out about the project's conditional approval while it was agreed in the full board meeting in January the project was to be further reviewed.



They said another shocking find was that one of the blocks meant for service apartment later become a "hotel".



A group of them visited the 3.24ha project site with Kota Damansara assemblyman Dr Mohd Nasir Hashim and Subang MP R. Sivarasa's aide Peter Chong on Tuesday.



"The RKK recognises Jalan Lapangan Terbang Subang as a main road, development along the road can have a plot ratio of 1:4, and density should be reduced in accordance with its distance from the road and the LRT station. The project, as shown in this plan, should only have a plot ratio of 1:2," said resident C.P. Lim, showing a print-out copy of the plan.





Concerns raised: Ara Damansara residents showing Dr Mohd Nasir (fifth from left) and Chong (second from left) the site on which the Ara Greens Wellness and Healthcare City project will be built and the relevant documents.

"The council has spent so much money commissioning the experts to come out with this plan, why are they not following it?" he asked.



He said the project had suddenly been changed to include a 180-room hotel, in place of the original service apartment with 180 units. The project will also include six blocks of medium-cost service apartments and one block of medical centre.



"The parking requirement will drastically change if they change the usage of the block from apartment to hotel. For service apartment, there must be 2.5 parking bays per unit and another 20% for visitors' parking while hotel needs to have only one bay for every three rooms. Parking space will be reduced significantly," Lim added.



The residents also highlighted that the site, as well as that of the adjacent proposed project named Lembah Penchala, was marked for recreational purpose in the Sime Pilmoor Development masterplan in 1995.



"Apart from the 5.3ha land, there were supposed to be two sites for secondary and primary schools but they are now occupied by a commercial area and an abandoned project. Where are the replacement sites? Why have the institutional land disappeared?" another resident Rajinderjit Singh said.



Lim pointed out that since the site was meant for recreational purpose, the utilities might not have enough capacity for such major development.



Chong said the council should explain as to why Form C, which means approval with condition, was issued to the developer while the council was supposed to review the project as requested by the full board.



"Once Form C is issued, all changes will need to be done at the state level, the council will no longer accept the appeals," he said, adding there was a pressing need to look back at the minutes to find out what had happened.



Dr Nasir said he was also taken aback by the sudden changes in the development plan and questioned why the people were not consulted.



"We support development but there must be a balance. Development should not be done at the expense of the people," he said.



On the other hand, a spokesman representing the developer clarified that the company did not have any intention to build a hotel.



"It could be miscommunication. The block is meant to be a service apartment, not a hotel" he said.



He added that the company was not aware whether the land was meant for recreational purposes but the current status was "commercial", and the company had obtained conditional Development Order from the council.



As for the plot ratio, he said when the project was approved it was 1:3.9, and if a new plan had required the plot ratio to be changed, it should only be applied to future projects.

MY VOICE FOR NATION

MY VOICE FOR NATION


SOSCO must get back to its core business as a safety net for the needy

Posted: 03 Mar 2011 10:30 PM PST

Nazri, Kula collaborate on International Criminal Court

Posted: 03 Mar 2011 04:32 AM PST

Hannah Yeoh

Hannah Yeoh


Millennium Park comes alive every Wednesday and Saturday

Posted: 03 Mar 2011 07:18 PM PST


THE Millennium Park in SS13 Subang Jaya is coming back to life as people are now carrying out aerobics exercise there twice a week.

The exercise, conducted by professional trainers, started last July and is on Saturday mornings from 7.30am to 8am.

Subang Jaya assemblyman Hannah Yeoh, who initiated the programme, is extending it to an additional day on Wednesday night from 8pm to 8.30pm.

All ears: Yeoh (right) speaking to the residents after an aerobics session at the Millennium Park on Wednesday.

"I have funds from my allocation for this year's programme and hopefully with this additional day, working people and the young can come after work to exercise," said Yeoh on Wednesday during the exercise programme.

She said mostly senior citizens came on Saturday morning for the exercise.

She said not many young people attended the sessions and hoped the night programme would be more convenient for them.

"The Subang Jaya Municipal Council (MPSJ) has also restored this area into a recreational space and installed lighting in October last year.

"The lights would make this site safer for people and hopefully after a year or two, the trees planted would have grown and provide shade," said Yeoh.

Also present was MPSJ engineering department director Ismail Shafie who said the two flood lights installed at the site cost RM23,000.

The company conducting the exercise programme is Daily Muscle Athletic Consulting.

Its director and head coach, Noel Chelliah, said the exercise was suitable for all ages as it was a fun aerobics routine and not too intense.

"We want people to enjoy the exercise. We have between 30 and 50 people and sometime even more," said Chelliah, adding that the instructors are also certified life savers who can perform first aid in an emergency.

Yeoh said some of the residents had brought up the need for the site to be brighter as the current lights were insufficient.

"I have discussed this with Ismail and we have agreed to install an additional light using my allocation.

"It will take at least one to two months as the tender has to be called for," she said.
 
She added that she also learnt from Alam Flora that rubbish collection was being carried out every morning at 7am to keep the area clean.

"I wish to urge more residents, especially those staying nearby in SS12, SS13 and SS14, Subang Jaya, to join this exercise programme," she added.

SS14 resident Evelyn Low said she started joining the activity in September last year.

"I am an exercise freak and this is a healthy pursuit to enjoy with my friends," said Low, 60.
She said she had attended all the sessions. Before this she has not set foot on the park.

Another regular, B.A. Heng, from SS13, said exercising had improved his health as he previously had a high-cholesterol level.

Like Low, he had no reason to go to the site until he started joining the activity in July last year.

The park built and launched at the turn of the millennium in 2000 was the centre of controversy for being a white elephant.

It was underused and later abandoned despite the millions of ringgit used to build it.

Some of the ugly, artificial structures like metal palm trees and a bird plus concrete pillars were put up there but all these were torn down when MPSJ took back the land after a contract initially signed with a F&B operator to maintain and upgrade the park was terminated when nothing materialised after six years.

Real trees have since been planted at the park near the busy Kewajipan roundabout.


I am returning taxpayers' funds back to taxpayers for their benefit. No more multi million  dollar white elephant projects like those initiated by the Barisan Nasional government. For comparison between then and now... please click here.


Dr Shafie Abu Bakar

Dr Shafie Abu Bakar


Kursus Haji Dan Gotong Royong Di Sungai Ramal Luar

Posted: 03 Mar 2011 04:07 PM PST

念群与沙登人民同在 | Nie Ching for Serdang

念群与沙登人民同在 | Nie Ching for Serdang


【星洲日报】张念群:不应只限国中国小‧政府应依需求建学校

Posted: 03 Mar 2011 02:46 PM PST

Accompanied by Balakong State Assemblyman Saudara Yup Lum Chin, MPKj councilor Saudara Cheong Siow Foon and JKKK Kampung Baru Balakong Chairman Saudara Lai Song, Serdang MP Teo Nie Ching presented a donation cheque amounting to RM 1000 to the PIBG of SRJK(C) Balakong.

张念群(右5)移交支票予无拉港华小家协,由李启成(右4)代表接领。右起为欧华、张晓峰、叶南进,左起为何进贵、余贵福、叶光仁、叶贵良与赖松。

倾斜的电灯柱,恐隨时威胁著学生的安全,家协希望当局关注并移走它

(雪兰莪‧无拉港2日讯)沙登国会议员张念群认为,政府应该废除学校保留地只能兴建国小或国中的政策,因为这已经不合时宜。同时应依据当地的需求来兴建学校,而不是需要额外作出申请。

张念群表示,经过超过3年的等待,在无拉港附近的3间新华小,即沙登岭华小、双溪龙华小及加影区的华小,迄今依然丝毫没有动静,希望教育部能给人民一个交代。

“这3个地区都各自拥有学校保留地,但由於政策下只能兴建国小或国中,因此需要等待教育部的批准。”

移交1千给无拉港华小

(More......)

【当今大马】“华社的需求是马华的麻烦?” 行动党轰蔡细历高调问政矛盾

Posted: 03 Mar 2011 05:37 AM PST

The Malacca Chinese Education Progressive Association's Yang Ying Chong on Feb 26 presented a 'Melaka Merlimau by-election Appeal' jointly endorsed by 106 Chinese NGOs in Melacca soon after the nomination of the by-election. PAS candidate has openly said that PAS and he agree with the by-election appeal. However, MCA presedent Dr Chua Soi Lek claims that their action was just “to embarrass MCA”. Dr Chua's word is obviously contradicting his own stand 2 months ago when during the by-election campaign in Tenang Johor, Dr Chua boasted to the Chinese voters that Chinese communities' stand is definitely MCA's stand.

马华总会长蔡细历昨日斥责106个甲州华团效仿柔州华团提出《万里茂补选诉求》的做法是在刁难马华,并批评其4点诉求都是炒冷饭,已经引起行动党领袖的群起围攻。

民主行动党全国副宣传秘书张念群斥责蔡细历,所谓“华社的意愿就是马华的议程; 华社的需求就是马华的需求”的言论根本言不由衷,应该改成“华社的意愿就是马华的为难;华社的需求就是马华的麻烦”才对。

炒冷饭只因常年被国阵冷待

也 是沙登国会议员的张念群说,蔡细历早前曾在丁能补选时曾强调,“华社的意愿就是马华的议程; 华社的需求就是马华的需求”;言犹在耳,可是当106个甲州华团效仿柔州华团提出《丁能补选诉求》,在万里茂补选提名日当天提呈《甲州诉求》给国阵和民联 的两位候选人时,蔡细历不仅未能雪中送炭,协助华社将其意愿传达给国阵候选人,反而重提他在丁能补选期间否决华团诉求的立场,声称甲州华团提呈《甲州诉 求》的举动是在炒冷饭,刁难马华。

“我想提醒蔡细历,甲州华团的诉求倘若是在炒冷饭,那也只因华社常年被国阵冷待。”

“甲州华团的诉求,不外乎要求执政党公平对待母语教育及恢复已故林连玉先生的公民权。连回教党候选人尤海扎都能摒弃种族的不同表态支持这些合情合理的要求,马华却为了自己的位子、面子指责华团,分明是把华团当成骗子,把人民当成傻子!”

褫夺林连玉公民权马华罪孽

她指出,身为执政党的马华连同巫统于1964年将族魂林连玉先生的公民权褫夺,已经是马华的一大罪孽。

“马华身为执政党,可是却无法落实华社长久以来的愿望,马华的无能造就华社的无奈,身为总会长蔡细历应该躬身自省,而不是非议华团刁难马华。”

她指出,林连玉曾说过:“成为马来亚国的国民,是以尽义务、效忠诚为条件;不是以弃母语、毁文化为条件的。”

(More......)

【星洲日报】吉道村民冒雨捧场 ‧ 张念群讲座反应热烈

Posted: 03 Mar 2011 05:21 AM PST

Serdang MP Saudari Teo Nie Ching received overwhelming reactions from the crowd when she was delivering speech at a Pakatan Rakyat Ceramah in Kerdau two days ago. The audience were impressed with her humorous speech and sarcastic tone.

张念群说得七情上面。(图:星洲日报)

村民出席行动党政治演讲。 (图:星洲日报)

(彭亨‧吉道2日讯)明星效应?民主行动党沙登区国会议员张念群昨晚到吉道新村发表政治演说,获得民众热烈回应。

她在主讲时,与村民良好互动,其诙谐的口吻也连连博得出席者鼓掌呼应,即使下着微微细雨,一些后来者也站在帐篷旁边或住家前面听讲。

提及她早前踏入回教堂被抨击事件,她很遗憾有心人去炒作有关课题。她说,尽管身为基督教徒,她对各族选民都是一视同仁,只要有邀请活动,她都会出席。她也批评马华喜欢“吓人”和“让人民害怕”。

(More......)

Philosophy Politics Economics

Philosophy Politics Economics


MRT Runaway Train?

Posted: 03 Mar 2011 04:34 PM PST

Political-economic factors risk major cost-overruns and a failure to meet over-sized targets in the MRT rush-job

Based on available and non-available information since the MRT project was put up for public feedback, there have been strong concerns voiced over its viability and the cost and benefits. The public transport advocacy group, TRANSIT has questioned the Land Public Transport Commission (SPAD) forecast of 40,000 passengers per hour per direction (pphpd) when the proposed 58 train sets to be purchased can only ferry a maximum capacity of 24,000 pphpd.

Concerns raised by residents at various proposed stations such as Taman Tun Dr Ismail and Kajang pointed towards poor design and planning of the stations to cope with managing traffic flow and volume. S. Piarapakaran, president of the Association of Water and Energy Research Malaysia (Awer) found out from the EIA report that traffic studies have yet to be carried out on the respective stations.

Questions are also raised over the poorly integrated stations with other existing public transport networks such the LRTs and bus terminals. I have raised criticisms on the fact that the MRT system is being forged ahead without first reviewing the holistic public transport framework where bus services form the other critical public transport pillar.

Despite the fact that the project is only put up for feedback last month, SPAD, the regulatory body and Syarikat Prasarana Bhd, the project owner have already awarded the project to Gamuda-MMC joint venture as the "project delivery partner" and announced the fact that the tender for the various sub-contract works will commence in April and awarded by June 2011.

All of the above and more, points towards the fact that the RM46 billion MRT rush-job is a runaway train the Government has set in motion with brakes already disabled, regardless of the obstacles in its path.

A study by Bent Flyvbjerg "Survival of the unfittest: why the worst infrastructure gets built—and what we can do about it" published in the Oxford Review of Economic Policy (2009) looked at 258 "mega-infrastructure projects" across 20 countries. He found that rail projects not only suffered from an average of 44.3% cost overrun, actual passenger traffic is 51.4 per cent lower than forecast traffic on average.

In fact, the other statistics found are no less encouraging - 9 out of 10 of suffered from cost overruns; 84 per cent of rail passenger forecasts are wrong by more than ±20 per cent; nine out of 10 rail projects have overestimated traffic.

He concluded that "cost overruns in the order of 50 per cent in real terms are common for major infrastructure, and overruns above 100 per cent are not uncommon. Demand and benefit forecasts that are wrong by 20–70 per cent compared with actual development are common."

What's perhaps more revealing and of greater relevance for our very own MRT rush-job is the underlying reason for such consistent outcome of major infrastructure projects. He claimed that "planners and promoters purposely spin scenarios of success and gloss over the potential for failure" as the key cause of the over-promise and under-delivery.

Flyvbjerg argued that "competition between projects and authorities creates political and organizational pressures that in turn create an incentive structure that makes it rational for project promoters to emphasize benefits and de-emphasize costs and risks. A project that looks highly beneficial on paper is more likely to get funded than one that does not."
Flyvbjerg's extensive study on a few transit projects in the UK and US support the view
that "promoters and forecasters intentionally use the following formula in order to secure approval and funding for their projects:

underestimated costs + overestimated benefits = funding

Using this formula, the outcome is "the survival of the unfittest" where "it is not the best projects that get implemented, but the projects that look best on paper. And the projects that look best on paper are the projects with the largest cost underestimates and benefit overestimates, other things being equal… Therefore the projects that have been made to look best on paper in this manner become the worst, or unfittest, projects in reality, in the sense that they are the very projects that will encounter most problems during construction and operations in terms of the largest cost overruns, benefit shortfalls, and risks of non-viability. They have been designed like that, as disasters waiting to happen."

Malaysia have had its share of "disasters" in terms of public transport infrastructure privatisation projects, where the Government had to bail out the failed STAR LRT (RM3.3 billion), Putra LRT (RM4.5 billion), KL Monorail (RM882 million) as well as the privatised bus service operators (~RM200 million). This has resulted in Syarikat Prasarana Bhd, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ministry of Finance, holding debts in excess of RM9 billion which it is unable to service even the interest.

The Government must not let the MRT project be another "disaster waiting to happen" as a result of private sector promoters like Gamuda-MMC spinning "scenarios of success and gloss over the potential for failure" while our government agencies like SPAD, PEMANDU and Prasarana are swallowing them hook, line and sinker, rushing to ensure that the project gets funded and started in the shortest possible time, without proper independent checks, audit and competition.


About Bent Flyvbjerg:

Bent Flyvbjerg is the first British Telecom (BT) Professor and Chair of Major Programme Management at Oxford University. He is founding Director of Oxford's BT Centre for Major Programme Management.

Before Oxford, Bent Flyvbjerg was Professor of Planning at the Department of Development and Planning at Aalborg University, Denmark. He is Doctor of Technology and Engineering (Dr.Techn.) and Doctor of Science (Dr. Scient.) from Aalborg University and holds the Ph.D. in Urban Geography and Planning from Aarhus University, Denmark.

He was twice a Visiting Fulbright Scholar to the USA, where he did research at the University of California at Los Angeles and Berkeley and at Harvard University.

Bent Flyvbjerg's most recent books in English are Megaprojects and Risk: An Anatomy of Ambition (Cambridge University Press, 2003), Making Social Science Matter (Cambridge University Press, 2001), and Rationality and Power: Democracy in Practice (The University of Chicago Press, 1998).

Bent Flyvbjerg has two decades of practical experience from working as a policy and planning adviser to more than 40 public and private organizations, including the EU Commission, the United Nations, national and local government, auditors general, banks, and private companies.

www.telokkemang.blogspot.com/

www.telokkemang.blogspot.com/


PKR yakin tawan Negeri Sembilan

Posted: 02 Mar 2011 09:32 PM PST

Berita& Foto Oleh :NIZAM ZAIN (siasah)

Tembual Dato' Kamarul Baharin Abbas Bersama Wartawan Siasah

Imbasan Pilihan Raya Umum Ke-12 pada 2008 lalu menyaksikan Pakatan Rakyat (PR) Negeri Sembilan hampir sahaja menawan negeri adat perpatih ini setelah Barisan Nasional hanya menang tipis pada pertandingan itu. PR telah mendapat sokongan luar biasa rakyat pada pemilihan itu dengan memenangi 15 Dewan Undangan Negeri (Dun) dan tiga parlimen.

Kemenangan PR di Negeri Sembilan ini disumbangkan menerusi Parlimen Telok Kemang, Rasah dan Seremban termasuk beberapa kawasan pedalaman seperti Dun Bahau dan Repah. Walaupun PR gagal menubuhkan kerajaan di negeri ini ekoran kekurangan empat kerusi Dun namun PR berjaya mengagalkan suara dua pertiga BN di Negeri Sembilan.

Ikuti bual bicara NIZAM ZAIN bersama Pengerusi Parti Keadilan Rakyat (PKR)Negeri Sembilan, DATUK KAMARUL BAHARIN ABBASselaku Ahli Parlimen Telok Kemang untuk mengetahui lebih lanjut perkembangan semasa politik di negeri adat perpatih ini.

SIASAH: Bagaimana Datuk melihat trend sokongan pengundi di Negeri Sembilan pada pilihan raya akan datang khususnya kawasan Felda yang menjadi kubu kuat Umno-Barisan Nasional, mungkinkah tsunami politik 2008 bakal berulang kembali ekoran BN menang tipis pada PRU Ke-12 lalu?

DATUK KAMARUL BAHARIN ABBAS: Sokongan luar biasa pengundi Negeri Sembilan pada 2008 lalu kebanyakannya datang dari kawasan bandardan kawasan Parlimen yang menang itu hanya Telok Kemang kerana komposisi kaumnya agak seimbang peratusannya iaitu Melayu-40.6%, Cina-36.1%, India-22.2% dan Lain-lain-1.1%. Kawasan yang kebanyakannya pengundi Melayu adalah kawasan Felda yanggagal kita tembusi.

Kawasan Felda seperti Tampin, Jempol, Jelebu dan Labu, kalau dahulunya Felda sukar ditembusi, tapi sekarang sudah ada kesan disebabkan oleh beberapa isu yang kita perolehi dan kita berjaya ketengahkan, melalui beberapa kes yang sudah ditangani dalam mahkamah di mana ada keputusan, tidak kurang pula ada kes baru, seperti kes warga Felda Negeri Sembilan yang berjaya mengenai kes penanaman semula iaitu Felda Serting.

Kes ini bermula apabila Felda melantik kontraktornya sendiri bagi projek penanaman semula malah tawaran yang diberikan kepada peneroka Felda di situ begitu rendah berbanding jika diusahakan mereka sendiri.Kes ini mendapat perintah injuksi dan mahkamah telah memberi kemenangan kepada peneroka Felda.

Insiden ini membuka mata warga Felda, rentetan itu Datuk Seri Najib Razak telah memberi beberapa insentif dan penambahan elaun kepada peneroka Felda tetapi ia tidak cukup untuk menangani masalahmereka. Warga Felda harus insaf kerana perkara ini sudah berlanjutan lebih 40 tahun lalu, jadi kerugian yang dialami peneroka terbabit tidak boleh diabaikan begitu sajakalau tidak dengan tekanan daripada Pakatan Rakyat.

Oleh kerana itu kita berjaya menyedarkan warga Felda terbabit khususnya kawasan Palong, kalau dahulunya sukar ditembusi kerana mereka adalah pengundi tegar BN kerana kita pernah memasukidi sana tetapi gagal apatah lagi Pas yang pernah hilang deposit di kawasan ini.

Sekarang usaha kita mewujudkan pasukan khas untuk menangani masalah dalam Felda ini dengan kerjasama jawatankuasa PKR Pusat yang diketuai oleh Suhaimi Said, kebanyakannya dianggotai pimpinan Negeri Sembilan seperti Ketua Cabang Jempol, Karip Salleh.

Pada PRU12, BN hanya menang tipis, ketika itu Menteri Besarnya adalah Tan Sri Isa Samad yang terlibat dalam politik wang pada pemilihan Umno lalu, tetapi kini beliau dilantik sebagai Pengerusi Felda yang baru, sejauhmana Datuk melihat keupayaan Tan Sri Isa dalammenangani masalah peneroka Felda?

Pada PKR itu satu pelantikan yang baik, kerana memberi ruang kepada Pakatan Rakyat untuk membawa isu-isu yang mana pelantikan Tan Sri Isa itu tidak menunjukkan kebijaksanaan Najib untuk menangani masalah di Felda. Ini dilihat sebagai membayar hutang dengan memberi tempat kepada Tan Sri Isa ekoran daripada hukuman rasuah dalam pemilihan Umno telah mulai kabur, sekarang ini diberi ruang kembali oleh Najib khususnya PRK Dun Bagan Pinang.

Saya tidak yakin Tan Sri Isa dapat menangani masalah Felda kerana ini berkaitan dengan soal dasar yang begitu lama warga Felda telah dikelirukan dengan bermacam-macam tekanan. Dalam masa yang sama Felda melalui Felda Global Ventures Holdings membelanjakan ratusan jutahingga berbillion ringgit membuat pelaburan dalam dan luar negara.

Sejauhmana kerajaan BN di Negeri Sembilan mampu membawa perubahan dalam pembangunan prasarana dan program kebajikan memberi manfaat kepada rakyat setelah 40 tahun menjadi kerajaan negeri? Adakah benar terdapat sesetengah kawasan di negeri ini terpinggir daripada pembangunan?

Saya tidak lihat ada kesungguhan untuk membangunkan Negeri Sembilan contohnya sewaktu Tan Sri Isa menjadi Menteri Besar selama 22 tahun, kawasan Dun Linggi pun tiada pembangunan, selain daripada pembangunan-pembangunan yang wajib yang harus dilaksanakan oleh kerajaan, tidak nampak perkembangan di Negeri Sembilan, itu sebabnya negeri ini agak terpencil pembangunannya berbanding Melaka dan Selangor, kita nampak perbezaannya.

SIASAH: Baru-baru ini Perdana Menteri, Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak memberi insentif kepadaguru besar dan guru cemerlang, apa yang Datuk lihat di sebalik pemberian ini?

Ini adalah gimik politik, kalau diamati memorandum kita dari dahulu lagi sejak Barisan Alternatif lagi kita amat konsisten mengenai menaik taraf nasib guru-guru, bahkan dalam konvensyen kita baru-baru ini juga menekankan kesungguhan kita menangani masalah elaun guru, guru Kafa, guru sekolah kebangsaan, elaun ketua kampung dan sebagainya, maka kita tidak hairan isu ini cuba bangkitkan Umno-BN.

Pernah kita bangkitkan soal menaikkan elaun kepada Ketua Adat di Negeri Sembilan ini, dengan serta merta kerajaan negeri menaikkan elaun ketua-ketua adat ini, apa pun terserah kepada rakyat untuk menentukan keikhlasan mereka tetapi ada baiknya.

Kalau dahulu sejarah Umno, guru ini adalah simpanan tetap mereka, pemimpin peringkat cawangan dan bahagian Umno itu majoritinya adalah guru-guru, kerana pembabitan mereka dalam kemerdekaan dahulu merupakan pejuang-pejuang tulen, bagaimanapun peranan itu sudah jauh daripada perjuangan asal kerana peranan mereka itu diambil alih oleh pengusaha-pengusaha atau peniaga-peniaga Melayu,dengan kata lain ahli perniagaan yang mengawal peringkat cawangan dan bahagian Umno. Oleh kerana khuatir golongan guru ini merajuk, maka mereka ini diberikan elaun, habis cerita.

Insentif RM7,500 itu diberikan kepada sebuah sekolah, sekiranya saiz sekolah itu besar dan guru pula ramai, akhirnya insentif ini tiada maknanya sekiranya diagihkan, gimiknya apabila dimainkan dalam akhbar diberikan kepada guru besar itu nampak banyak, hakikatnya adalah kecil.

SIASAH: Sejak mutakhir ini kita dikejutkan dengan kematian ramai wakil rakyat yang bertali arus, adakah masih relevan PRK diteruskan yang dilihat membazir wang rakyat walhal ia kerusi yang kosong itu boleh diambil alih oleh kerajaan yang memerintah?

Asasnya adalah perlembagaan, melainkan kita mengubah peruntukan dalam perlembagaan itu, kita terpaksa teruskan PRK, keduanya kita tidak boleh tahan kuasa tuhan sekiranya ramai yang meninggal pada tahun itu, maka kita terpaksa melaksanakan pilihan raya berlandaskan perlembagaan dan peruntukan sedia ada.

Mengenai kesan PRK, kita perlu mengadakannya bagi meneruskan kesinambungan untuk melaksanakan tugas-tugas dalam kawasan, sebenarnya kalau diikutkan tugas-tugas pengurusan ia boleh dilakukan oleh pegawai kerajaan, pejabat daerah, majlis perbandaran dan sebagainya.

Wakil-wakil rakyat hanya menasihati atau melaksanakan dasar mengikut saluran-saluran tertentu, kalau tiada wakil rakyat, maka rakyat tiada tempat untuk mengadu kerana aduan kawasan perlu dikemukakan kepada wakil rakyat menerusi pejabat khidmat masyarakat.

Kali ini sahaja banyak pilihan raya kecil, tidak tahu pasal apa, terlampau banyak orang persoalkannya, apakah perlunya PRK setiap kali ada kematian, tetapi keadaan ini hanya sehingga Mac ini sahaja, selepas tempoh tersebut tiada lagi PRK kerana genap 2 tahun atau akhir satu penggal, jadi peruntukan itu sudah ada untuk menghadkan tempoh PRK diadakan.

SIASAH: Apakah harapan Datuk terhadap PRK Merlimau dan Kerdau yang bakal dilaksanakan secara serentak, oleh kerana itu apakah usaha dan program yang dilaksanakanPakatan Rakyat dalam memenangi hati rakyat di kawasan tersebut?

Kedua-dua tempat ini saya yakin Pas akan bertanding, jadi kita memberi bantuan dan kerjasama dalam semangat Pakatan Rakyat. Sepertimana PRK yang lain,soal tenaga dan program kerja itu sama mengikut kawasan-kawasan tertentu. Sekarang ini Pakatan Rakyat Melaka akan menentukan tugas-tugas diketuai oleh PKR.

Dun Kerdau ini terlalu awal kerana ia agak mengejutkan dan keputusan untuk pengundian pula adalah sama, soal pembahagian jentera pilihan raya itu tidak menjadi masalah hanya logistik lebih baik di Merlimau kerana ia kawasan separuh bandar berbanding Dun Tenang yang kebanyakannya adalah kawasan Felda.

SIASAH: Jika dilihat suasana di Merlimau, kita dapati seolah-olah tiada isu yang dimainkan oleh Barisan Nasional, adakah mungkin kerana jumlah pengundi agak sedikit berbanding di Tenang dan 4,000 pengundi Merlimau adalah ahli Umno?

Mungkin BN sangat yakin di Merlimau, mereka yakin mampu bertahan, saya lihat Pas bersungguh-sungguh pada PRK kali ini, sekurang-kurangnnya sasaran kita adalah mengurangkan majoriti BN, yang penting kita sampaikan mesej, agenda besar kita ialah Pilihan Raya Umum ke-13, kepada sesiapa yang memenangi kedua-kedua PRK ini, mereka hanya boleh mentadbir kawasan tidak lebih dua tahun sahaja, terpulang kepada kerajaan apabila hendak mengadakan pilihan raya umum, sekiranya PRU13 pada hujung tahun ini, maka tidak sampai 6 bulan penggal mereka nanti, melainkan mereka diberi peluang sekali lagi bertanding di tempat yang sama pada PRU13 akan datang.

Lawan itu tetap kita lawan dan bertanding, kita tidak mahu mana-mana pihak menang tanpa bertanding.Ini juga adalah kesempatan untuk mengukurkemampuan kita untuk menawan kerusi-kerusi tersebut.

Biarpun ahli Umno di Merlimau adalah lebih 4,000 orang tetapi banyak kali diperkatakan soal ini malah dahulu pun pernah disebut ahli Umno lebih 3 juta orang, bagaimanapun tidak semua ahlinya masih aktif, tidak kurang juga mereka yang sudah meninggal dunia, maka tiada jaminan Umno akan kekal menang di mana-mana kawasan pun.

Kalau kita imbas kembali Pemilu 2008, jumlah undi yang diperolehi Umno tidak mencerminkan keahlian Umno, apa maksudnya? Kita dapat simpulkan di sini bahawa bukan semua mengundi Umno ataupun bukan semua yang keluar mengundi ataupun ahli Umno sendiri mengundi pembangkang. Oleh kerana itu jumlah ahli Umno itu tidak memberi kesan dalam jumlah undi bakal diperolehi nanti.

Lebih memalukan apabila terdapat ahli Umno itu sendiri yang tidak mendaftar sebagai pengundi yang sah.Pelbagai kemungkinan tetapi yang jelas bukan semua ahli Umno yang berdaftar itu mengundi, selain itu bukan semuanya mengundi Umno, itu yang bahaya kepada mereka, tidak dinafikan situasi ini juga boleh berlaku dalam Pakatan Rakyat atau PKR sendiri.Kalau kita bandingkan jumlah undi yang kita perolehi pada pilihan raya lalu dan jumlah undi yang berdaftar sebagai ahli, ia mencerminkan kelebihan yang mengundi, pada saya tidak penting berapa ramai ahli, yang penting berapa ramai pengundi dan penyokong.

SIASAH: Trend PRU 2008 dilihat orang Cina dan India menyokong Pakatan Rakyat, adakah trend ini dapat dikekalkan pada masa akan datang dalam membantu PR menjadi Kerajaan Persekutuan?

Ini jelas undi Cina terbukti dalam pilihan raya kecil di Johor, ia nampak konsisten dan India pun ada sedikit, mereka masih menganggapkan kaum yang terpinggir, kita tidak boleh bandingkannya dengan pilihan raya umum kerana bermacam habuan diberikan pada pilihan raya kecil, namun mereka masih sedar bahawa mereka kaum terpinggir termasuk Orang Asal dan kaum Melayu di luar bandar khususnya Felda.

Dalam PRK mudah kita mengawalnya berbanding PRU, siapa jangka PR boleh menang besar pada 2008, ini kerana BN pada waktu itu mengambil kira perkembangan sebelum 2008 apatah lagi 2004 khususnya Keadilan hanya tinggal satu kerusi, daripada senario ini mereka tidak mengambil kira perubahan yang berlaku, tetapi 2008 berlaku.

Kalau trend iniberterusan malah undi kaum Melayu, India dan Cina akan meningkat itu cuma satu andaian yang kita buat kerana hendak ambil kira sebagaimana mengambarkan apa yang akan terjadi PRU13 akan datang. Terserah kepada mereka tetapi kita tahu kenapa perubahan itu berlaku apakah khusus untuk PRK dan tidak mencerminkan suasana kalau kita mengadakan PRU akan datang.

SIASAH: Ada pihak mengatakab bahawa ahli dan penyokong PKR sendiri akan merosakkan parti itu pada masa akan datang disebabkan sejak mutahir ini banyak kontroversi, banyak kes dan banyak perkara yang mencerminkan PKR tidak konsisten medan politik negara?

Soal konsisten itu saya tidak bersetuju, kita (PKR) sememangnya konsisten Cuma pelaksanaan itu mungkin ada kelemahan di sana sini, makluma kita satu parti yang baru 12 tahun, begitu mendadak sekali peningkatan prestasi parti dan dalam masa itu juga kita terpaksa mengambil kira tenaga baru yang mahu bersama kita dalam parti.

Parti ini asalnya daripada gabungan ahli dari badan bukan kerajaan (NGO), parti-parti lain dan partipertama bagi mereka yang belum mempunyai parti politik, oleh kerana pada waktu itu dalam masa yang singkat peningkatan prestasi yang mendadak itu banyak pula kelemahan yang tidak dapat kita atasi, tiada ruang masa sepenuhnya untuk menumpukan kepada masalah-masalah.

Jika lihat pada pemilihan PKR baru-baru ini, satu pembaharuan cuba kita bawa yang tidak pernah dilakukan oleh mana-mana parti politik negara ini dengan mengiktirafkan hak undi setiap ahli PKR, kita akui wujudnya banyak kelemahan, tetapi apakah sistem yang kita guna pakai itu tidak elok? Sistem itu sebenarnya elok tetapi kelemahannya pada pelaksanaan, ini tidak bermakna kelemahan itu akan berpanjangan selamanya.

Saya percaya kalau parti lain termasuk Umno kalau melaksanakan sistem yang sama, mereka akan mengalami masalah ini, dalam hal ini dalam tempoh 3 tahun akan datang kelemahan ini akan berkurangan.

SIASAH: Sekiranya empat negeri yang ditadbir Pakatan Rakyat ini masih belum menunjukkan prestasi yang memberangsangkan, adakah rakyat akan memberi peluang kedua dan yang seterusnya kepada PR sebagaimana yang pernah diberikan kepada Barisan Nasional sejak 50 tahun lalu?

Yang pertamanya belum habis satu penggal lagi, apa yang rakyat boleh harapkan dengan kerajaan Pakatan Rakyat berbanding kerajaan BN yang tidak mampu mempamerkan prestasi kerja setelah memenangi dalam 12 pilihan raya umum, oleh sebab itu kita tidak boleh bandingkan dengan PR belum pun sepenggal mentadbir negeri.

Berdasarkan tinjauan yang kita jalankan dalam empat kerajaan negeri Pakatan Rakyat mendapati banyak ruang pembaharuan boleh dilakukan yang memberi manfaat kepada rakyat. Tidak dapat dielakkan kelemahan yang wujud tetapi kelemahan itu hasil daripada mana, apakah kelemahan ini hasil daripada kemampuan Pakatan Rakyat mentadbir ataupun kelemahan ini ialah diwarisi oleh kerajaan PR.

Oleh kerana banyak kelemahan yang kurang diurus dengan baik berpuluh tahun ini, kadang-kadang memberi kesukaran kepada kita menangani masalah itu dalam masa yang singkat. Jadi waktu memang kita tidak ada, saya percaya kerajaan Pakatan Rakyat sentiasa berusaha, oleh kerana terlalu banyak kelemahan lampau, kita terpaksa mendahulukan mengatasinya mengikut keutamaan dan kemampuan menyelesaikannya.


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